2008年广西流动人口血吸虫病监测

Analysis of shistosomiasis surveillance in mobile population in Guangxi,2008

目的了解广西流动人口血吸虫感染情况,为制定血吸虫病监测技术方案提供科学依据。方法按照2008年卫生部血吸虫病专家咨询委员会《关于开展浙粤沪桂闽"达标"五省流动人口血吸虫病监测的通知》方案,在广西历史流行血吸虫病的19个县(市),根据整群随机抽样原则,各县(市)抽取1～3个行政村作为调查点,以≥3周岁的外来流动人口为调查对象,进行问卷调查和间接血凝试验(IHA)检测。IHA阳性者再以尼龙绢集卵孵化法结合沉渣镜检进行粪检;并在调查点采用系统抽样或环境抽样调查法查螺。结果共调查流动人口2 866人,其中来自湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏、四川、云南等省份105个尚未控制血吸虫病流行县、38个疫情回升县(简称143个疫区县)1 380人,其他县份(下称非疫区县)1 486人。2 428人进行了血清学检测,血检阳性率为3.46%(84/2 428),其中来自143个疫区县的流动人口阳性率为4.67%,显著高于来自非疫区县的2.19%(P<0.01)。84例血清学阳性者中60人进行了粪检,粪检结果均为阴性。查螺面积899.3 hm2,发现有螺面积4.97 hm2,未发现阳性钉螺。结论流动人口为广西血吸虫病潜在流行的主要传染源,需加强流动人口血防监测工作。

In order to understand the distribution of schistosomiasis in mobile population in Guangxi zhuang Autonomous Region,field investigation was conducted in 19 endemic villages selected by cluster sampling.The mobile people who were older than 3 years old were investigated by questionnaire and indirect hemagglutination（IHA）,then the IHA-positive ones were detected by fecal examination.Meanwhile,a snail survey was carried out.The results showed that a total of 2 866 people were investigated,among which 1 380 came from 143 endemic areas.A total of 2 428 people were involved in IHA examination with a positive rate of 3.46%,and the rate of people from endemic areas were significantly higher than that of ones from non-endemic areas（P〈0.01）.Sixty people were involved in fecal examination,and the results were all negative.An area of 899.3 hm^2 was surveyed,and the snail area was 4.97 hm^2,while none of positive snails were found.It is suggested that the mobile population is the main risk factor for potential schistosomiasis transmission in Guangxi,and the surveillance on this population should be strengthened.