环境减灾-1B卫星红外相机的研制

Infrared Scanner of HJ-1B Satellite

红外相机是环境减灾-1B卫星上的主要载荷之一,具有近红外、短波红外、中波红外和长波红外4个探测谱段,幅宽720km、地面像元分辨率150m/300m,主要用于自然灾害、环境污染等的监测、预报、评估。红外相机的研制中,解决了高精度双面镜扫描及其定标、弱信号高增益放大及载荷轻小型化等关键技术,成功应用了多元红外探测器和空间斯特林制冷技术,中波红外和长波红外通道共用一个光路,集成到一个焦面上,由同一台斯特林制冷机制冷。其中中波红外和长波红外通道相结合,具有200～500K的大动态范围,提高了对地物热特性和火灾监测的能力。自2008年9月卫星发射以来,红外相机运行稳定,各项指标达到了研制要求,在雪灾、旱灾、火灾和秸秆焚烧、水体污染等环境灾害监测方面有较高的应用价值,已分别纳入到民政部和环保部的卫星减灾、环境监测业务化系统。

Infrared Scanner（IRS） is one of the key payloads of HJ-1B satellite（HJ-lB IRS）. HJ-1 IRS has four bands including NIR, SWIR, MWIR and LWIR with ground swath of 720km and spatial resolution of 150m/300m. Its main mission is to monitor, predict and evaluate natural disaster and environment pollution, etc. The results of the IRS key technologies such as high precision double-side mirror scanning and calibration, weak signal high-gain amplification and payload lightweight are presented. The muhi-pixel infrared detector and spaceborne Stifling cryo-cooler technologies are successfully applied. MWIR and LWIR channels share a common optical path, and are integrated into a focal plane, and cooled by one Stirling cryo-cooler. The combination of MWIR and LWIR channels provides a 200-500K Iarge dynamic range, which improve the monitoring capabilities for thermal characteristics and fires. Since it was launched in September 2008, IRS has been working well, whose performances are better than those required, and is successfully applied in monitoring the snowstorm, drought, fire and straw burning, water pollution and other environmental disasters. IRS has been incorporated into the satellite disaster mitigation and environmental monitoring business system of Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Environmental Protection.