俄罗斯推行国家统一考试构建国家教育标准的高考制度改革述评

Review of the Reform in Russia Aimed at Practicing National United Examination and Construction of a Unified National Education Standard

进入21世纪,俄罗斯把高考改革作为教育改革新的切入点,政府着力在全国推行国家统一考试,力图构建国家教育标准,以提高基础教育质量和推进地区间的教育公平。通过分析俄罗斯国家统一考试改革的动因、进程及其利弊,揭示俄罗斯构建国家教育标准的改革目标和所遇到的困难。

In the 21st century, Russia has taken the reform of university entrance examination as a new breakthrough point of the education reform. Russia is carrying out the national unified examination all over the country, in order to set up the national education standard for elementary education, which aims at improving education quality and equality in secondary and higher edu cation. The article analyzes the reasons, processes, advantages and disadvantages of Russian national unified examination reform and describes the results and difficulties of setting up the national education standard for general schools in Russia.