不同肥料组合对酸性土壤白菜产量和品质的影响

Effect of Fertilizer Combination on Yield and Quality of Cabbage on Acidic Soil

通过田间小区试验，研究了肥料组合对酸性土壤白菜产量和品质的影响。结果表明，与CK处理相比，不同肥料组合白菜产量提高了22．3％～114．6％，以N20P10K150M＋L处理产量最高，N20P10K15M＋C处理其次。与N20P10K15处理相比，在N20P10K15基础上减氮、磷、钾处理显著降低了白菜产量7．6％～19．3％，而在N20P10K15基础上增施石灰、炭灰和菜籽粕的处理，显著提高白菜产量4．18％～41．6％。在N20P10K15，基础上增施炭灰显著降低了白菜硝酸盐含量，提高了卫生品质。不同肥料组合（除N20P10K15M＋C处理外）均提高了白菜维生素C含量，且以N20P10K15L处理的增幅最大，达43．0％。增施石灰、菜籽粕和炭灰的白菜氨基酸含量增加，以N20P10K15M＋C处理的效果最佳。单一配施石灰和炭灰的处理白菜还原糖含量增加。增施石灰、炭灰和菜籽粕的处理提高白菜氮、磷和钾肥的养分利用率分别为47．1％-208．3％，53．7％-122．0％和3．70％～41．8％。

A field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of fertilizer combination on yield and quality of cabbage on acidic soil. The results showed that the yield of cabbage was increased by 22.3 % -114.6 % in different fertilizer combination as comparison to CK , The best yield was obtained in treatment N20P10K150M ＋ L,and the treatment N20P10K15M ＋ C followed. The yield was decreased in cancelling nitrogen phosphorus and potassium on the basis of N10P10K15 （7.6 % - 19.3 % ）, and the yield was increased in adding calcareousness, charcoal, rapeseed meal on the basis of N20 P10 K15 （ （4.18 % - 41.6 % ） . Especially, the content of nitrate in cabbage was reduced observably and hygienic quality was improved in adding charcoal. The content of VC in cabbage was increased in different fertilizer combination （ except treatment N20 P10K IS M ＋ C） , the greatest increase ,sas obtained in treatment N20 P10 K15 L（43.0 % ）. The content of amino acid in cabbage was increase in adding calcareousness,charcoal , rapeseed Meal ,the best effect is treatment N20P10K15M ＋ C . The content reducing Sugar in cabbage was increased in adding calcareousness, charcoal respectively. Nutrient utilization of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium were improved by 47.1% -208.3 %, 53.7 % - 122.0 % and 3.70 % -41.8 % ,respectively in adding calcareousness,charcoal , rapeseed meal.