民航人因失误分类框架

A framework of classifying human error for civil aviation

人因失误分类是否系统、完整及对人误描述是否一致直接影响人误分析的结果。本文对民航中主要几种人误分析方法进行了详细评述,指出其在考虑人的认知过程和行为外在表现形式方面的不足。在对现有人误理论模型和人误分类方法详细分析的基础上,提出了民航人误分类框架。框架由人的行为过程的四个阶段"获取信息-分析处理信息-决策/计划-执行"和八类人误模式及相应的子模式构成。行为阶段与人误模式可针对具体活动进行组合,框架的使用具有灵活性。框架对保证民航中人误辨识结果的规范性和准确性具有重要意义。

It has a direct impact on the result of human error analysis that whether the human error classification is systematic and integrate and the description of human error is consistency. Based on a detailed analysis of the existing human error theoretical model and classification method, a framework of classifying human error for civil aviation is presented through the summarization of the staff behavior characteristics in flight, air traffic control and maintenance activities of civil aviation. Four-stage of human behavior process and eight kinds of human error modes and the corresponding sub-modes composed the framework. The four-stage is accessing information, analyzing and processing information, decision-making/planning and implementation. The behavior stages and human error models can be combined for specific activities, the use of the framework can be flexible. The framework can ensure that the result of human error identification in civil aviation is standardization and accuracy.