灵武煤中烷烃的萃取分离和GC/MS分析

Extractive separation and GC/MS analysis of alkanes from Lingwu coal

采用等体积的CS2/N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)混合溶剂在超声辐射下反复萃取灵武煤,用旋转蒸发器蒸除萃取液中的绝大部分CS2,得到灵武煤浓缩萃取液。用正己烷萃取灵武煤浓缩萃取液,并用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)对灵武煤各级萃取物进行分析。结果表明,灵武煤萃取物的主要成分是烷烃,包括正构烷烃、支链烷烃和环烷烃,其含量超过95%,其中正构烷烃的含量超过80%;萃取物中还检测出少量的烯烃和含杂原子的有机化合物以及微量的芳烃。

Lingwu coal was repeatedly extracted with isometric carbon disulfide/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone（CS2/NMP） mixed solvent under ultrasonic irradiation,affording residues and their corresponding extraction solutions.Concentrated extraction solutions were obtained by removing most of CS2,and were extracted 5 times with n-hexane followed by qualitative and quantitative analysis of the 5 extracts with gas chromatography/mass spectrometer（GC/MS）.The results show that the main components in extracts 1 to 5 are alkanes,including normal,cyclic and branched alkanes,with more than 95% of alkanes and over 80% of normal alkanes.In addition,small amounts of alkenes and heteroatom-containing organic compounds along with trace of arenes were also detected.