摘要
对云南西北部中甸和昆明黑龙潭的大王马先蒿（ＰｅｄｉｃｕｌａｒｉｓｒｅｘＣｌａｒｋｅＣ．Ｂ）的不同居群进行了传粉生物学观察。大王马先蒿花为黄色，花冠短管、无喙、具二齿、无蜜腺，是一种原始的花冠类型。该种由红腹熊蜂（ＢｏｍｂｕｓｆｒｉｓｅａｎｕｓＳｋｏｒｉｋｏｖ）和明亮熊蜂（ＢｏｍｂｕｓｌｕｃｏｒｕｍＬ．）的工蜂在直立的位置上，通过震动花粉背触式传粉；同时也观察到红腹熊蜂的工蜂在倒悬的位置上，通过震动花粉腹触式传粉。熊蜂的工蜂在大王马先蒿上的这两种传粉综合征状的发现，可能是仅存在于马先蒿原始类型中的一种特殊现象。
The pollination biology of different populations of Pedicularis rex Clarke C B.was studied in Zhongdian of Northwest Yunnan and in Kunming of central Yunnan, respectively. Seed production depends exclusively upon pollination by bumblebees (Bombus Latr.). The flowers are yellow, with short tubed, erostrate and nectarless corolla. Two species of the bumblebee workers, Bombus friseanus Skorikov and B.lucorum L. foraged in an upright (nototribic) position for pollen. Meanwhile, Bombus friseanus workers also foraged in an inverted (sternotribic) position on P.rex, vibrating pollen from the anthers within the galea. This pollination syndrome was previously reported in the North American species, e.g. P.labradorica which has the same corolla type with P.rex. A comparison of the corolla types and pollination syndrome on the species of Pedicularis in East Asia and North America indicates that such a pollination syndrome may be only found in the primitive corolla type of Pedicularis. In spite of the separation in the geological history, P.rex and P.labradorica share the same corolla type and pollination syndrome. Further study is needed to elucidate the biogeography of the Pedicularis.
基金
云南省自然科学基金
中国科学院生物分类区系特别支持费资助
