黔东南独木龙舟的田野调查——体育人类学的实证研究(一)

Field investigation of dragon canoe in the Southeast Guizhou region——Empirical study of sports anthropology (Part1)

通过对黔东南地区清水江与巴拉河流域"独木龙舟文化圈"的田野调查,印证人类学的田野工作法是研究民族传统身体游戏最适宜的方法。同时,展示体育人类学对民族体育的实证研究案例,也是体育界对保护文化遗产采集科学数据的首次有益尝试。在2008年首次对参赛选手进行体质调查的基础上,2009年对其进行体质人类学的复测,并按照体育人类学方法增加了环境和器物测量,重点进行文化人类学的参与性观察及深度访谈,完成了对一项古老的身体竞技游戏的全面探索。

By carrying out a field investigation on the ＂cultural circle of dragon canoe＂ along the Qingshui river and Bala river in the Southeast Guizhou region, the author confirmed that the anthropological field working method is the most suitable method for studying traditional national body games, and presented a case of empirical study of national sport by means of sports anthropology, also a useful try made by the sports community to collect scientific data of events belonging to a cultural heritage. Based on the first fitness survey conducted on the game players in 2008, the author rechecked the players by means of fitness anthropology, and added environmental and implemental measurements according to sports anthropological methods, mainly focused on the observation and in-depth interview with respect to the participation of cultural anthropology, and completed the comprehensive exploration of an ancient body competition game.