2008年广东省轮状病毒腹泻监测分析

Analysis of rotavirus diarrhea data in Guangdong Province,2008

目的掌握轮状病毒腹泻在广东省的流行特征和发病规律,为今后开展有针对性的防控措施提供科学依据。方法从国家疾病监测信息报告系统收集2008年广东省报告的轮状病毒感染个案,采用描述性流行病学方法对所有个案的人群、时间和地区分布特征进行分析。结果2008年全省共报告轮状病毒腹泻病例22 354例,报告发病率为22.7/10万,占其他感染性腹泻病例的20.2%,病例主要分布在珠三角地区的深圳、广州、珠海,分别报告轮状病毒腹泻13 560、4 362、2880例,各占总报告病例数的60.7%、19.5%、12.9%,0、1岁组2个年龄段报告病例数分别占总病例数的54.6%、31.9%,散居儿童占总病例数的94.1%。2008年广东省轮状病毒腹泻在10月后进入流行期,12月初达到流行高峰。深圳市报告其他感染性腹泻病例以实验室诊断病例居多,占78.5%(16 476/20 978),病原学确诊为轮状病毒感染者占实验室诊断病例的82.3%,占总报告病例数的64.6%。全省及深圳市轮状病毒腹泻报告病例发病时间分布均相应与其他感染性腹泻发病时间分布基本一致。全省各地医疗机构轮状病毒检测水平不同,存在较大地区和医院差别。结论轮状病毒是引起2008年广东省秋冬季腹泻流行的主要原因之一。2岁以下散居儿童是广东省轮状病毒腹泻防控工作重点人群。珠三角地区外的其他地级市各级医疗机构须推广和加强轮状病毒的检测。

Objective To understand the epidemiologic characteristics and onset pattern of rotavirus diarrhea in Guangdong Province, thus providing scientific basis for prevention and control measures. Methods Rotavirus diarrhea case data in 2008 of Guangdong were downloaded from China notifiable disease surveillance and reporting system. Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the person-time-space distribution of the diarrhea cases. Results A total of 22 354 cases of rotavirus diarrhea were reported in province in 2008 （incidence： 22.7/100 000）, accounting for 20.2% of the total infectious diarrhea cases. Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Zhuhai cities of the pearl - delta area were the most frequently distributing areas for rotavirus diarrhea cases, and 13 560 （60.7%） , 4 362（ 19.5% ）, 2 880 cases （ 12.9% ） were reported respectively. Cases among age groups of younger than 1 year and 1 years old took up to 54. 6% and 31.9% of the total reported cases. Scattered inhabiting children occupied 94.1% of the total reported cases. Rotavirus diarrhea onset in Guangdong in ：2008 entered epidemic period after October and reached peak in early December. Cases reported in Shenzhen were primarily laboratory - confirmed cases, occupying 78.5% of the total reported cases （ 16 476/20 978）. Confirmed rotavirus diarrhea cases took up to 82. 3% of the total laboratory - diagnosed cases, and 64.6% of the total reported cases. Similar distribution trend of onset date of rotavirus cases and infectious diarrhea cases were found in whole province and Shenzhen City. Rotavirus detection situation varied among different districts and hospitals in Guangdong Province. Conclusion Rotavirus was one of the primary causative agent for the autumn - winter diarrhea epidemic in Guangdong Province in ：2008. Scattered inhabiting children younger than 2 years are the pre- vention and control focus for rotavirus diarrhea in Guangdong. Other municipal health care institutions out-side pearl delta area need to extend and intensify the detection of rotavirus.