咽隐窝的超声解剖及声像图研究

Study on the Ultrasound Anatomy and Ultrasonography of Pharyngeal Recess

目的探讨咽隐窝的超声解剖及正常声像图。方法经CT和鼻内窥镜检查咽隐窝正常的健康人33例,在乳突与下颌支之间行超声检查,观察咽隐窝超声解剖的形态、内部回声及其与周围组织关系及声像图特征。结果33例均显示咽隐窝位于鼻咽顶后壁交界处,前下方为鼻咽腔和咽鼓管圆枕,后方为椎前软组织和椎体,外侧为咽旁间隙软组织和茎突。咽隐窝腔中央是一个与鼻咽腔相通的有气腔隙,超声显示率100%;声像图上,咽隐窝斜冠切面呈斜"■"形,外界清晰,壁呈均匀的弱回声,腔中央呈短线状的高回声,左右侧咽隐窝与鼻咽腔构成■。结论经乳突与下颌支之间行超声检查是观察咽隐窝的最佳途径,下颌支旁斜冠状切面、乳突和下颌支之间的横切面是超声显示咽隐窝的重要检查方法,两者相结合有助于对咽隐窝的全面扫查,下颌支、乳突和茎突是超声检查咽隐窝的三个重要解剖标志。

Objective To study the ultrasound anatomy and normal ultrasonography of pharyngeal recess. Methods 33 healthy persons with normal pharyngeal recess were examined by CT and nasal endoscope., and applyed body surface ultrasound examination via mastoid and gonial, observed its forwarding direction, relation of anatomic adjacent areas and ultrasonographic feature. Results Pharyngeal recess is located at the junction of the nasopharyngeal top and the posterior wall. The front inferior is the cavum nasopbaryngeum and the tubal torus; the rearward is the prevertebral soft tissues and centrum; the laterl is the parapharyngeal space soft tissues and styloid process. The center of pharyngeal recess is an air lacuna connecting cavum nasopharyngeum with 100% of ultrasound displaying rate. In the ultrasonography, the oblique coronary seetio of pharyngeal recess displayed as , with clear outer borders, even weak echo on the wall, and high echo of hyphen shape in the eavum center. The left and right lateral pharyngeal recess and cavum nasopharyngeum formed the shape as . Conclusion The best position for body surface ultrasound observation is the place between the mastoid and gonial. The oblique coronary sectio of gonial and the transaction between the mastoid and gonial are the important examining paths for body surface ultrasound displaying pharyngeal recess. Combining both methods will help to undertake thorough scanning and examination of pharyngeal recess. Gonial, mastoid and styloid processes are the three key anatomy elements in ultrasound examining pharyngeal recess.