文蛤不同群体的同工酶分析

The isozymes in different populations of clam Meretrix meretrix

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直电泳技术(PAGE)对来自山东野生、江苏野生、浙江养殖、广西野生白色壳4个文蛤M eretrix m eretrix群体两种组织(消化腺、闭壳肌)的EST、MDH、ME、ADH、SOD、CAT等6种同工酶进行了分析。结果显示:文蛤不同组织之间、不同群体之间、养殖群体和野生群体之间的同工酶酶谱均有较明显的差别;广西白壳群体的多种同工酶酶谱与其它几个群体相比有较大差异,说明该种群与另外3个群体种质差异较大,亲缘关系较远。对山东野生、广西普通壳色和广西白色壳色3个群体的4种同工酶(EST、AMY、MDH、SOD)进行了研究,结果表明:广西普通壳色群体和山东群体的酶谱相似,而与广西白色壳群体差异明显,初步推测广西白色壳群体为文蛤属的其他种类;在文蛤各群体中均找到了特征性酶带,可以作为区别于文蛤不同群体的蛋白标记,用于文蛤种质资源的分析鉴定,并可为选育优良品种文蛤提供遗传依据。

Vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（PAGE） technique was used to analyze six isozymes（ esterase EST,malate dehydrogenase MDH, malic enzyme ME, alchol dehydrogenase ADH, superoxide dismutase SOD, catalase CAT）in adductor muscles and digestive glands of clam Meretrix meretrix in four populations（ three natural populations from Shandongm （S）, Jiangshu （J） and Guangxi （G, Gb）, and hatched population from Wenzhou （Z））. The basic electrophoretic patterns of the 6 isozymes revealed that Gb population showed a significantly different isozymes phenotypes at EST, SOD, ME and MDH from the other population. The EST and AMY isozymes bands of Z was found to decrease compared with S, indicating that human activities may affect the genetic variation within and between populations. No significant differences in the isozymes phenotypes in SOD, AMY, CAT, ME, and MDH was observed between populations of S and G, but EST demonstrated a significantly different at isozyme phenotypes between S and G, showing distinct specific of geographical population.