公民行政法主体性地位解读

An Interpretation of the Citizens' Subjective Position in Administrative Law

我国公民在行政法上主体性地位很低,无论立法层面,还是执法层面,而这些又源于理论上对公民行政法主体性地位的关怀不足。所谓主体性是个人(主体)谋求自由、独立的自我意识,即获得法律、社会认可并受到尊重的权利能力资格。人的主体性使行政共同体有了元要素的基本构成,使行政共同体有了建构的可能性。公民行政法非主体性主要表现在:公民行政法"相对人"的称谓;实践上公民与行政主体地位不平等性;公务员不是行政主体。公民行政法主体性地位的完善包括两方面:一是与行政机关成为一体即作为行政共同体中的一员;二是与行政机关成为一体即公务员成为行政主体。

The subjective position of Chinese citizens＇ in administrative law is very low, regardless of legislation, or enforcement of the law, which originates from the inadequate acknowledgement of the subjectivity of citizens＇ position in administrative law. So-called subjectivity is seeking freedom, independent consciousness, as well as legal, social recognition and respect of the rights of competency. Subjectivity of human serves as the basic element of administrative community, hence the structure of administrative community becomes possible. Nonsubjectivity of citizens＇ position in administrative law mainly displays in the following aspects： the appellation of ＂administrative counterpart＂, the inequality of the status of citizen and the administrative subject in practice, and civil servants not being regarded as administrative subject. Consummating the subjective status of citizens in administrative law shall be carried out from two aspects： first, administrative organs become a member of the administrative community, second, civil servants shall be main body of administration.