公共财政视角下的社会事业科技——基于成都实践的思考

Science & Technology for Social Undertakings Viewed from the Perspective of Public Finance——Reflections on Practice in Chengdu

社会事业科技是相对服务于生产和经济发展而言的科技。文章在分析当前社会科技发展呈现的趋势基础上指出了成都市社会事业科技发展中存在的主要问题:社会科技尚未成为独立的科研领域;科技经费来源单一;科技投入结构不合理;人才结构不合理,流失严重;产出效益难以评估。并据此提出了5条对策建议:明确公共财政的分类标准,建立公共财政科技投入模式;充分发挥市场的调配作用,形成多层次的科技投入格局;运用各种财政手段和"拟成果购买制"构建多元化的科技投入格局;充分利用资本市场,积极吸纳国内外各种科技贷款和民间科技捐助,并建立多渠道的风险投资机制;构建社会科技公共研发平台。

Science and technology for social undertakings is different from that for production and economic development. This article, on the basis of the analysis of the emerging trends identified in the development of science and technology for social undertakings, points out several relative problems in Chengdu： science and technolo- gy for social undertakings not yet being an independent field of scientific research ; a single source of funding ; the irrational structure of science and technology input, the irrational personnel structure and serious drainage of tal- ents; and the difficulty in evaluation of the output efficiency. Accordingly, this article puts forward five proposals： making clear the classification criteria of public finances and establishing the scentific and technological input mode of public finances ; giving full play to market allocation role in order to achieve a multi - leveled scientific and tech- nological input ; making use of various financial instruments and the ＂purchase - by - outcome system＂ to set up a input machanism of multi - sources ; taking full advantage of capital markets, actively absorbing a variety of domes- tic and foreign loans and private scientific and technological contributions and establishing the mechanism for ven- ture capital investment of multi - channels so as to build up a public R ＆ D platform for science and technology in social undertakings.