八株芽孢杆菌菌株的分类及固氮活性的测定

THE ISOLATION IDENTIFICATION AND DETERMINATION OF THE NITROGEN-FIXING ABILITIES OF EIGHT BACILLUS STRAINS

从8个省市的不同土壤分离了200个菌株，筛选出8株（JR1，JR2，JR5，ZZ3，ZZ12，ZZ16，M1，K4）能在无氮培养基上生长良好的典型的芽抱杆菌，其中6株（JR1，JR2，JR4和ZZ3，ZZ12，ZZ16）具有较高固氮活性。根据形态学和36个生理主化实验及G＋C含量测定，3株（JR1，JR2，JR5）鉴定为固氮芽孢杆菌（Bacillusazotofixans），但过氧化氢酶反应弱阳性，水解淀粉能力强，产结晶糊精；对0．001％溶菌酶具有抗性等特征不同于ATCC35681；其余3株（ZZ3，ZZ12，ZZ16）在形态学L和生理生化反应上与两标准菌株的性质差别较大，11个特性不同于ATCC35681，7个特性不同于ATCC842；1株（M1）在所有测试项目上都与ATCC842相符，因而将其归人激Bacilluspolymyxa;K4细菌糖发酵弱，水解淀粉、酪素，抗盐性弱不同于ATCC35681。JR1与ATCC35681有相同的生长曲线，而ZZ12延缓期短，具有不同的生长曲线。

The soils from Beijing municipality and seven provinces in Chinese were examined for the incidence of Bacillus nitrogen-fixer. Only six strains of tWo hundreds isolated strains were able to reduce acetylene. Eight strains which grew well on nitrogen-free medium According to the morphological and thirty-six biochemical characteristics and G + Cmol%,three strains(JR1, JR2, JR5) were identified as Bacillus azotofixans, but were different to four biochemical tests from ATCC 35681; three strains(ZZ3, ZZ12, ZZ16) were different from two type strains on morphological and biochemical tests, eleven characteristics it from ATCC 35681,seven tests from ATCC 842; M1 strain was identified as Bacikllus polymyxa, because it's taxonomical characteristics were consistent with ATCC 842; K4 strain was deferent from ATCC 35681 on which fermentation of carbohydrates,hydrolysis of starch and casin, resistance to salt. The growth curve of JR1 strain was identical to ATCC 35681, while the lag period of ZZ12 strain was shorter and culture solution was turbier.