3种不同静脉穿刺部位对小儿静脉留置效果的影响

Effect of three puncturing sites on the needle indwelling in superficial veins of infants

目的探讨采取头部静脉、手部静脉和足部静脉3种不同的穿刺部位对静脉留置效果的影响。方法将150例行静脉穿刺的患儿,按入院的先后顺序随机分为头部穿刺组、手部穿刺组及足部穿刺组,每组各50例。结果3组行静脉穿刺患儿以头部穿刺组的留置时间最长,为(4.12±1.93)d,其次为手部穿刺组,为(3.43±1.6)d,最短为足部穿刺组,为(2.71±1.59)d,经统计学分析,F=9.76,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义;3组患儿并发症发生率依次为:手部穿刺组(32.0%)、足部穿刺组(26.0%),最低为头部穿刺组(12.0%),经统计学分析,χ2=5.01,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论为1-3岁患儿使用静脉留置针输液时,应首选头皮静脉,其次选手背静脉,尽量避免选用下肢静脉。

Objective To investigate the influence of different puncture sites（head,hand,foot） on the indwelling time of intravenous indwelling needle.Method 150 infant patients undergoing venepuncture were divided into scalp vein group,hand vein group and foot vein group in an equal number.Results The indwelling duration of scalp vein group was longest among the three groups,followed by the hand vein group,and the hand vein group（P0.05）.The incidences of complications for the three groups were hand vein group（32.0%）,food vein group（26.0%） and scalp vein group（12.0%） in order（χ2=5.01,P0.05）.Conclusions The best puncture site for indwelling needle in children aged 1 to 3 years is the scalp veins,followed by the hand veins.It is suggested to avoid the veins in the lower limbs.