闸瓦踏面制动热过程的仿真研究

Simulation research on tread braking process with brake shoes

建立了闸瓦与机车车轮的踏面制动摩擦接触数学模型,确定了模型的初始条件,位移、力学等边界条件,并计算了制动过程中车轮对外换热系数,最后利用Marc有限元软件,采用热-机耦合方法对闸瓦踏面制动热过程进行了仿真计算。仿真计算后得出的车体动能变化、制动距离、车轮踏面温升变化曲线等结果与理论分析相符,并基本接近于1:1制动试验结果,验证了所构建模型和所选用计算方法的正确性。

A dynamic contacting model of wheels and brake shoes was constructed. The initial and boundary conditions of the model were discussed, especially the convection coefficients of heat transfer during a whole brake process. Based on these, braking process was simulated by using thermo- mechanical coupling method and Marc software. The decrement of kinetic energy each circle, braking distance and the change process of tread temperature during braking accord with theoretic analysis. The most simulation results are consistent with the experiment data, which verifies the validity of the model and its calculation method.