精神分裂症患者病耻感影响因素分析

Related Factors of Stigma of Schizophrenia Patients

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的病耻感体验及其影响因素。方法采用精神疾病患者病耻感量表(SSMI)对342例精神分裂症患者进行调查,同时做人格、自尊、自我效能、应对方式、社会支持和精神症状评估。结果单因素分析显示,与SSMI-C总分的相关性具有显著性意义的变量包括:病程(r=0.12,P<0.05),PANSS抑郁因子分(r=0.18,P<0.01),SES评分(r=-0.40,P<0.01),GSES评分(r=-0.22,P<0.01),EPQ的P分(r=0.22,P<0.01)、E分(r=-0.22,P<0.01)、N分(r=0.42,P<0.01)和L分(r=-0.25,P<0.01),SCSQ的积极应对方式评分(r=-0.14,P<0.05)和消极应对方式评分(r=0.19,P<0.01),SSRS的客观支持评分(r=-0.25,P<0.01)、主观支持评分(r=-0.18,P<0.01)和支持利用度评分(r=-0.25,P<0.01)。回归分析结果:EPQ的P分、SES评分、SSRS的客观支持评分和PANSS抑郁因子分进入回归模型,标准化系数分别为0.30、-0.23、-0.19、0.13。结论精神分裂症患者病耻感与多个因素有关,其中神经质人格特征、自尊水平、社会客观支持和抑郁情绪对患者的病耻感体验水平有着预测作用。

Objective To explore the related factors of stigma of patients with schizophrenia. Methods Three hundred and thirty-two patients with schizophrenia were investigated. The investigation was carried out with Stigma Scale for mental illness and some related scales. Results There were some statistical correlations between stigma and duration of diseases, depressive factors in PANSS,self-esteem, self-efficacy,personality,coping style, social support, et al（P〈0.05）. Taking patients＇ stigma as dependent variable, taking factors mentioned above as independent variable, a linear regression analysis was performed. The results showed that standard co-efficient of neuroticism, self-esteem, objective support,depressive factors were 0.30,-0.23,-0.19,0.13. Conclusion Stigma of schizophrenia patients is associated with several factors, among which neuroticism, self-esteem, objective support and depressive factor might play important roles in stigma of schizophrenia patients.