期望中断效应的注意共享解释—来自ERP的证据

Attention-Sharing Interpretation of Effect of Break Expectancy:An ERP Study

以1700毫秒和2300毫秒为考察时距,采用时距复制任务,对编码阶段的中断位置进行操纵,并记录了14名大学生在进行时距复制任务时编码阶段的事件相关电位(ERP)。行为结果发现:分别就1700毫秒和2300毫秒而言,中断位置越靠后,复制时距越短。脑电结果发现:无中断条件的(控制任务1)编码阶段在350～550毫秒和350～1150毫秒的CNV平均波幅分别较中断位置为550毫秒的条件和中断位置为1150毫秒条件显著更高;无中断条件的(控制任务2)编码阶段在350～750毫秒和350～1550毫秒的CNV平均波幅分别较中断位置为750毫秒的条件和中断位置为1550毫秒条件显著更高。这说明了间断编码的时间复制任务中存在期望中断效应且以注意共享机制解释期望中断效应得到了电生理学证据的直接支持。

14 undergraduates participated in the study in which duration reproduction task was used and the break location in the encoding period was manipulated.In this study,1700ms and 2300ms were taken as target durations and the event-related potentials（ERPs）were recorded in the duration reproduction encoding period.The behavioral result showed that,for both 1700ms and 2300ms,the later the break location came out,the shorter the reproduction duration would be.The ERP results showed that（1）in 1700ms condition,CNV mean amplitude in 350-550ms in encoding period of no-break task（control task 1）was obviously larger than that in pre-break duration encoding period in 550ms break location task,and CNV mean amplitude in 350-1150ms in encoding period of no-break task（control task 1）was obviously larger than that in pre-break duration encoding period in 1150ms break location task.In 2300ms condition,CNV mean amplitude in 350-750ms in encoding period of no-break task（control task 2）was significantly larger than that in pre-break duration encoding period in 750ms break location task,and CNV mean amplitude in 350-1550ms in encoding period of no-break task（control task 2）was significantly larger than that in pre-break duration encoding period in 1550ms break location task.It could be concluded that（1）there was break in expectancy effect in duration reproduction task with break encoding;（2）there was direct proof of attention-sharing explanation of break in expectancy effect from electrophysiological study.