创新我国农村养老保障制度的对策研究

Studying the Innovation of Rural Old-age Security System in Our Country

农村养老保障制度是继农村最低生活保障和新型合作医疗之后的第三大社保制度。实现农村居民与城市居民享受同等的社会保障权益,创新我国农村养老保障制度是关键。应采取创新的对策为:坚持政府主导的原则,建立多支柱养老保障体系和按群体分层次的农村社会养老保险制度体系;根据各地经济发展水平和农村经济发展程度,建立多元化的筹资机制;实行多种机制优化组合,构建城乡社会保障一体化;建立养老保障基金运营机构,促进农村养老保障基金的保值增值;结合扶贫开发,建立民间的农村社会养老慈善机构,多渠道筹集社会养老慈善资金;在优化卫生资源配置基础上,改革医疗模式,建立面向农村老年人的出厂价药品直送网络;开展适应老年人的轻体力生产活动,提高其收入水平,实现内容丰富、形式多样的"精神养老";加快专业社会工作者及其组织机构的培养与建设,创建护理老人的养老保障新模式。

Rural old-age security system is the third largest social security system subsequent to basic living allowance system for rural residents and new type of rural cooperative medical care system. During the innovation of old-age security system, it is the key to realize that rural residents can enjoy the same security benefits that urban residents have. The author put forwards the following measures： adhering to government guidance, establishing a multi-pillar old-age security system and serving for groups of different levels; according to economy of different regions and development of local rural economy, building a multi-source raising mechanism ; by integrating many optimized mechanisms, forming one security system suitable for urban and rural residents; through building an operation agent for old-age security fund, preserving and increasing the value of security funds; by combining poverty alleviation and development, building non-government old-age charities for rai- sing charity funds in rural community ; on the basis of optimizing health resource allocation, reforming medical mode to set a direct-sale network for senior citizens with medicines at factory price; organizing light physical production activities for old-age citizens to improve their income and realize ＂spiritual care＂ with various contents and forms; accelerating the training of social workers to build a new old-age care mode.