油料作物内标准基因研究与应用

Research progress and application of endogenous reference genes in oil crops

内标准基因(Endogenous reference gene)是指具有植物物种专一性且拷贝数恒定、不显示等位基因变化的保守DNA序列。可用于对基因组中某一目的基因进行定量分析和验证PCR反应体系中是否存在抑制物质。基于其物种特异性,内标准基因还能用于食品搀假使杂的判定。油料作物涉及我们日常生活的方方面面,油料制品的鉴别和转基因油料作物的检测急需使用内标准基因,目前,油料作物内标准基因的研究与应用取得了长足进展,但是还没有对它们进行综合比较和分析的报道。本文根据国内外有关油料作物内标准基因的研究,阐述了各物种已开发的内标准基因,并对这些基因从引物位置、扩增片段的大小、拷贝数等特征进行比较和分析。本文综述了油料作物内源特异参照基因的研究概况和存在问题,有助于对油料作物及其它作物内源特异参照基因的进一步开发和深入研究。

Endogenous reference genes （ERGs） refer to a class of genes characterized by species specificity, allelic conservation and low copies. The specific PCR amplification of ERGs can distinguish one species from the others in a mixed sample,thus can be used to identify anthentication of oilcrop products. ERG are also extensively applied in qualitative and quantitative detection of genetically modified organisms （GMOs） as internal positive controls, and as calibration curve development in real-time quantitative PCR assays. The application of ERG in oil crops becomes more and more important and practical, but no comprehensive review on these genes has been available. This paper presented an overview on the research ,application and characterization of ERG in oil crops.