1∶1的二级非一体化供应链库存运输联合优化模型

Models of Inventory and Transportation Integrated Optimization in 1∶1 Two-echelon Decentralized Supply Chain

研究了非一体化供应链下单供应商-单零售商的库存运输联合优化问题,考虑了一体化的理想情况以及运输成本分别由供应商、零售商承担3种情况,并建立了数学模型。随机数据实验验证了零售商承担运输成本情形可获得较优的供应链整体利润,其值接近于理想情况下供应链的总体利润,进而采用利润分配策略,以确保供应商和零售商双方均能获得更大利润,从而促进供应链协调。数值算例和参数灵敏度分析验证了运输成本由零售商承担策略的优越性和稳定性。

This paper deals with the inventory and transportation integrated optimization problem in a decentralized supply chain of one supplier and one retailer. Three scenarios of inventory and transportationintegrated optimization （ideal centralized supply chain, transportation cost paid by supplier and transportation cost paid by retailer） are discussed and modeled. Random numeric experiments demonstrate that moresupply chain profit can be obtained when retailer pays transportation cost and the profit of supply chain is very close to the profit in ideal centralized supply chain. In order to attract retailer to agree to pay trans-portation cost, profit division strategy is adopted to make sure both supplier and retailer obtain more profit. Numeric example and flexible analysis show the superiority and stability of the strategy of retailer paying transportation cost.