山东农村蔬菜大棚性支气管哮喘流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of vegetable greenhouses bronchial asthma in rural shandong

目的调查山东省中部地区蔬菜大棚种植农民支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)发病率、相关危险因素、特殊棚内环境对哮喘的影响。方法于2007年5月至2009年5月对3150名蔬菜大棚种植者进行调查,计算哮喘发病率、高危因素、不同种类蔬菜种植、蔬菜不同生长期对哮喘的影响等。资料完整者2865人。结果共确诊哮喘患者75例,发病率2.6%,其中男性发病率2.0%,女性发病率3.3%。哮喘高危因素包括过敏史、吸烟史、从事大棚工作年限超过5年、入棚时间>4h/d、通风时间<2h/d、种植西红柿以及拔根打叶期、蔬菜盛果期等。结论从事蔬菜大棚种植者哮喘发病率高,与个体差异及蔬菜种植种类、蔬菜生长时期等因素有关,要注重对蔬菜大棚从业人员哮喘防护知识的评估。

Objective To investigate the incidence of bronchial asthma（asthma）,related risk factors and the impact of special greenhouse environment on asthma in farmers engaged in cultivation of vegetable greenhouses in the central region of Shandong Province.Methods 3 150 vegetable greenhouse growers were surveyed from May 2007 to May 2009,calculation of asthma incidence,risk factors,different types of vegetable,vegetables of different growth cycle on asthma,and so on.Complete data were 2 865 people.Results A total of 75 patients diagnosed with asthma,the incidence rate of 2.6%,of which the incidence of asthma 2.0% in men and 3.3% of women.Asthma risk factors including allergic history,smoking history,engaged in more than 5 years work experience in greenhouse,into the studio for more than 4 hours per day,ventilation time of less than 2 hours a day,planting tomatoes and vegetable＇s full fruit stage and uproot threshing periods of time.Conclusions There is a high incidence of asthma in vegetable greenhouse growers,and which is related with the individual differences and types of vegetable,vegetable growth period and other factors,we should pay attention to protection of vegetable greenhouses employees knowledge of asthma assessment.