造纸废水灌溉对芦苇湿地微生物的影响研究

RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF PULP WASTEWATER IRRIGATION ON REED WETLAND MICROORGANISMS

为了解造纸废水灌溉对滨海芦苇湿地的影响,测定了几种灌溉条件下湿地基质中微生物数量、微生物量碳/总有机碳(MBC/TOC)和土壤有效硫等指标。结果表明:造纸废水灌溉能显著提高基质中微生物数量和活性,且受季节影响较明显,一般在9月份最高;微生物数量在基质内垂直分布为上层>下层,特别是放线菌、真菌;反硝化细菌与土壤TN,纤维素分解菌与废水COD去除率,及MBC/TOC与基质呼吸强度相关性较好;硫酸盐还原细菌数量在10月份以后激增,使基质变黑,但对芦苇根系影响较小。废水灌溉能改良滨海盐碱土壤,促进退化生态系统的修复,但不同灌溉模式对微生物种群组成的影响不同,推荐采用间歇灌溉(w4)或低水深恒流灌溉(w1)模式。

In order to understand the effect on coastal reed wetland from irrigation with pulp paper wastewater, the indexes such as the substrate microorganisms＇ quantities, MBC/ TOC, and soil available sulfate etc in different irrigating modes were measured. The results indicated that irrigation can increase substrate microorganisms＇ quantity and activity significantly, and the number of substrate microorganisms was affected by season apparently （the maximum appeared in September usually）; Vertical distribution of microorganisms in substrate was.. surface soil〉subsoil, especially for actinomyces and fungi. There were apparent liner relativities between denitrifying bacteria and soil TN, between celluloytic bacteria and wastewater COD removal, and between MBC/TOC and substrate respire rate etc; Quantities of sulfate-reductive-bacteria in substrate increased greatly after October, which made the soil turn black, but it had few negative influence on the reed＇s root. Wastewater irrigation can decrease the saline-alkali degree of coastal soil, and accelerate the remediation of degenerated ecosystem also, but the irrigating modes can affect the categories of microorganisms＇ species groups. In a short word, the sequencing （w4） and low-water-depth steady （w1） irrigating modes were mostly recommended.