资源输出型地区的技术创新与经济增长——对“资源诅咒”现象的解释

Technological innovation and economic growth in resource-oriented regions:An alternative interpretation of "resource curse" phenomenon

以Romer的R&D内生增长模型为基本框架,将一个被动接受技术外溢的劳动密集型的自然资源开采部门引入其中,建立了资源输出型地区的4部门内生增长模型,并对其进行了市场竞争动态均衡分析及平衡增长路径上稳态解的比较静态分析,为资源输出型地区面对的"资源诅咒"问题提出了机理解释,即资源开发对技术创新的挤出效应.分析表明,丰裕的自然资源和较高的资源价格可以吸引劳动力去从事缺乏技术含量的简单的初级资源开采活动,使制造业部门和R&D部门的劳动力投入相对减少,从而导致技术创新和长期经济增长的速度减缓.最后,利用我国西部11个省区的面板数据实证分析为理论解释提供了有效的经验支持.

Based on Romer＇ s R＆D-based growth model, this paper presents a four-sector endogenous growth model of resource-oriented regions, with a labor-intensive natural-resource-exploiting sector characterized as accepting passively technology spillovers. Through market competition dynamic equilibrium analysis and com- parative static analysis of steady state solution on the balanced growth path, it provides a mechanism interpre- tation of the resource curse faced by resource-oriented regions, namely the crowding-out effect of natural re- source exploitation towards technological innovation. Analyses indicate that natural resource abundance and high-level resource price may slow technological innovation and long-term economic growth by attracting labor to pursue primary resource-exploiting activity with low technical content and thus relatively reducing the labor input in manufacturing and R＆D sector. Furthermore, the paper also verifies effectively our theoretic deduction through empirical tests using panel-data from 11 provinces in Western China.