生存与超越——对孔子和庄子待命之探究

Inquisition into the Ways of "Ming" on Confucian's and Zhuang Zi's

在古汉语中,命有命令、命运、生命和命名等词义。《论语》中关于"命"的论述有二十多处,《庄子》中关于"命"的论述也超过七十次。针对不同词义的"命",孔子和庄子给予的理解不尽相同,开出的待命之方也迥然各异。"命"与生存息息相关,对"命"的认识不同,待命的方式不同,是孔子和庄子、儒家和道家生存方式不同之体现。

In ancient Chinese,the ＂Ming＂ has different meanings such as order,destiny,life and naming.There are more than 20 places discussing ＂Ming＂ in Analects of Confucius while there are as many as 70 times in Zhuang Zi＇s.On different meanings of ＂Ming＂,Confucian and Zhuang Zi did not understand in the same and there are widely different on the ways of ＂Ming＂.The ＂Ming＂ and survival are vitally interrelated,the cognition to the ＂Ming＂ and the ways to ＂Ming＂is different,which embody the different existence ways of Confucian and Zhuang Zi,the Confucianism and Taoist.