晚清官派留德学生研究

A Study on Chinese Students Studying in Germany Sponsored by the Government in Late Qing Dynasty (1876-1911)

留学政策是晚清政府的一项重要政策。随着中德贸易和外交往来的开始,以及中国人对德国认识的逐步加深,清政府开始陆续向德国派遣留学生。1876-1911年的中国留德学生构成了这个时期中国留学生中的重要组成部分。留德学生主要来自湖北和江浙,他们在德国的学习以军事训练为主,但后来逐渐转向法律和自然科学等科目。留学生的管理对清政府来说是个难题。随着留学人数的增加,中德双方都在努力探索解决方案,但实际效果并不理想。

The Qing government began to send students to Germany with the establishment of diplomatic relations between Germany and China, and with a better understanding of Germany by Chinese people. Chinese students studying in Germany who mainly came from Hubei, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces from 1876 to 1911constituted an important component of Chinese students studying abroad. They studied military training primarily in Germany, but later gradually turned to the legal and natural science subjects. It was difficult for the Qing Government to manage the students studying abroad. With the increasing of students＇ number, both Chinese and German were working hard to explore the solutions, but the actual result was not satisfactory.