胡适和鲁迅之《西游记》“游戏”说值得商榷——从眼泪的悲情视域重新解读《西游记》

On Hu Shi and Lu Xun's "Game" about Journey to the West——Journey to the West in the Angle of Tears and Pathos

作为中国古代小说研究重要奠基者的胡适与鲁迅,出于以往学者对《西游记》主题的长期误读而提出该著是一部"游戏"之作。神魔小说《西游记》中有184处写到"哭"或"落泪",依原因可分为12种类型。如此的描写既拉近了神魔与人的距离,又增加了形象的生动性与多样性。《西游记》故事在流传过程中自然少不了民间艺人的加工与创造,部分"哭"或"落泪"就带有"游戏"成分。但由于文人世界观与情感的贯注,这部名著便不可避免地带上了浓郁而深刻的悲情色彩。因而,胡适、鲁迅等人视《西游记》为"游戏"之作,值得商榷。

Hu Shi and Lu Xun think that Journey to the West belongs to ＂game＂ writing. In fact, there are 184 times of tears in this novel, which can be divided into 12 kinds, thus making gods and man nearer. Although this novel has some elements of ＂ game＂ in the tears, pathos is also rich because of the worldview and feeling of literary men. In conclusion, Hu Shi and Lu Xun＇s ＂ game＂ about this novel should be further discussed.