共产国际七大对外政策转变探因

Exploration of the Changes of Seven Foreign Policies from Communist International

共产国际对外政策是国际关系和世界社会主义运动领域的一个核心问题。本文以共产国际于1935年发生的重大政策改变为例,即共产国际一改对社会民主党的敌视态度,并且作出联合社会民主党等进步力量确立反法西斯统一战线的努力,来阐释此政策改变过程中起作用的重要因素及其作用途径。本文认为,1935年共产国际的政策转变是在国际格局发生重大变化、社会民主党力量迅速增长的国际背景下,以苏联国内政治斗争造成的国家实力下降以及苏共针对法西斯作出的威胁评估为基础,并受到斯大林个人性格的影响。

The study of Comintern＇ s foreign policy is a core issue in the field of international relations and world socialist movement. This paper concentrates on the Comintern＇s significant policy - change in 1935 when it turned from regarding the Social Democratic Parties as enemies to building an Anti - Fascist united front with Social Democratic Parties. The article aims to explain what major factors have been working in this procedure and how they have worked. The article thinks that the policy change was happening under the great changes of international structures and the rapid growth of the Social Democratic Parties. This situation made the Soviet leaders feel the weakness of national power after domestic political struggle and Fascism threat assessment. Thus, it was necessary for the USSR to establish a united front of working class. Certainly, the personality of Joseph Stalin has a catalysis impact on this policy change process.