下颈椎螺钉置入内固定过程中的生物力学特征

Biomechanical characteristics of lower cervical internal fixation by screw implantation

目的:从生物力学方面,总结金属材料螺钉置入内固定技术在下颈椎疾病领域的应用进展。方法:收集2000/2008发表的下颈椎螺钉置入内固定的生物力学分析和临床应用的文献22篇,从下颈椎螺钉置入内固定的解剖学基础、生物力学、临床应用及优缺点加以整理和分析。结果:不论是侧块螺钉置入内固定还是椎弓根螺钉置入内固定,以及经关节螺钉置入内固定,均能为下颈椎疾病提供更大的生物力学稳定性。结论:螺钉置入内固定是一种有效的下颈椎置入内固定技术,它可用于各种原因引起的下颈椎不稳、缺损,尤其是后柱的部分缺损。

OBJECTIVE： From biomechanics, to summarize the application advances of metal screw implantation internal fixation in cervical diseases. METHODS： A total of 22 articles of biomechanical analysis and clinical application of cervical screw implantation published between 2000 and 2008 were collected to analyze the anatomic basis, biomechanics, clinical application and advantages and disadvantage of cervical screw implantation. RESULTS： Lateral mass screw, pedicle screw internal fixation, and transarticular screw fixation can enhance biomechanical stability of cervical diseases. CONCLUSION： Screw implantation is an effective lower cervical internal fixation technique and can be used in lower cervical instability and defects caused by various factors, in particular posterior column partial defect.