刺五加雌花蜜腺的显微形态和超微结构观察

Anatomical Structure and Ultrastructure of Female Floral Nectaries in Eleutherococcus senticosus

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜对刺五加雌花蜜腺结构进行了观察,结果表明:(1)刺五加雌花蜜腺为花盘蜜腺,由表皮和泌蜜组织构成;(2)蜜腺表面几乎均匀地分布着大量变态的气孔,蜜汁从气孔泌出;(3)蜜腺发育过程中有淀粉粒的积累和水解过程,液泡也伴随规律性变化;(4)蜜腺分泌方式为渗透型,或者以渗透型为主胞吐型为辅的分泌方式;(5)金胺O染色说明蜜腺表面具有角质层,可观察到微通道从中穿过,可能是蜜汁向外界分泌的通道之一。

Female floral nectary of Eleutherococcus senticosus was observed by optical microscope,SEM and TEM.The results showed that：（1）Flower disc nectary of Eleutherococcus senticosus consisted of epidermis and nectariferous tissue;（2）Numerous modified stomata were scattered uniformly across the surface of nectary,from where nectar exuded;（3）A large number of starch grains accumulated in nectariferous cells served as the main source of nectar sugars and regular changes of vacuoles occurred;（4）It could not be determined whether the process of elimination of the nectar is solely eccrine or partly granulocrine;（5）Sections stained with auramine O under fluorescence microscope showed that the epidermis of the nectary was covered by a thickened cuticle;Microchannels ran through thickened cuticle might be one of the ways for nectar secretion.