住院早产儿的早产原因及并发症分析

Causes and complications of prematurity in hospitalized premature infants

目的:对住院早产儿的早产原因及并发症回顾性分析6年的变化,为围产期保健的提高提供进一步的临床依据。方法:回顾性总结2002～2007年在我院住院的早产儿资料。结果:我院前后3年住院早产儿的病死率明显减低。早产儿的出生原因中胎儿窘迫、社会因素的发生率有所降低;而胎膜早破、妊娠胆瘀、多胎发生率有升高。早产儿并发症中败血症、新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,HIE)、肺出血、硬肿症的发生率得到有效的降低;而湿肺、高胆红素血症、低血糖、酸中毒的发生率有升高。结论:我院前后3年住院早产儿中低胎龄、极低出生体重儿的比例增加,病死率明显减低,部分并发症发生率得到有效的降低。

Objective：To analyze the causes and complications of prematurity in hospital premature infants in the past 6 years in order to offer some clinic evidences for health protection in perinatal periods. Methods ： The data of premature infants in hospital from 2002 to 2007 were reviewed. Results ： The fatality rate of premature infants in hospital showed an obvious decrease. Among the prematurity causes, the incidence of fetal distress and social factor decreased, premature rupture of membrane, Cholestasis of pregnancy and muhiplets increased. Among the complications, the incidence of septemia, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy（ HIE ）, pneumorrhagia and scleredema decreased, transient tachypnea, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia and acidosis rose. Conclusion：The incidence rate of low gestation age and very low birth weight infant increased. The fatality rate of those infants obviously decreased. The incidence rate of some complications decreased.