亚急性咳嗽81例临床分析

Clinical analysis on 81 patients suffered from sub acute cough

目的探讨亚急性咳嗽的病因分布及临床特点。方法对咳嗽时间在3～8周、年龄〉15岁、不吸烟、FEV1〉70％、无喘息症状、胸片无异常发现的81例患者进行病因分析及观察治疗效果。结果81例患者中，平均年龄（35±17．3）岁，男性34例，女性47例。病因：感染后咳嗽39例，上气道咳嗽综合征（upper airway cough syndrome，UACS）18例，咳嗽变异性哮喘（cough variant asthma，CVA）14例，胃食管反流性咳嗽（gastroesophageal reflux cough，GERC）8例，嗜酸细胞性支气管炎（eosinophilic bronchitis，EB）5例，支气管内膜结核1例，心理性咳嗽1例，原因不明咳嗽2例，而且其中有7例患者同时具有2种咳嗽病因。治疗效果：感染后咳嗽治愈时间（2．1±0．5）周，CVA治愈时间（2．3±0．8）周，EB治愈时间（2．4±1．1）周，UACS治愈时间（2．5±0．9）周，GERC治愈时间（6．1±0．7）周，心理性咳嗽19d，同时具有两种咳嗽病因最佳疗效时间（5．7±1．7）周。结论亚急性咳嗽的病因主要为感染后咳嗽、UACS、CVA、GERC、EB。感染后咳嗽为首要病因，针对咳嗽病因的特异性治疗效果良好。

Objective To explore the etiological distribution and clinical characteristics of subacute cough. Methods Analyze the etiopathogenesis and observe curative effects on 81 patients who suffered from subacute cough but met the following categories ： cough had lacted 3 to 8 weeks ; FEV1 was over 70% ; over 15-year-old; non-smokers; not having the symptom of gasping and not having any abnormal findings on the chest radiograph. Results The average age among 81 patients was （35 ± 17.3 ）, 34 males and 47 females. Etiological analysis showed there were 39 cases suffered from postinfectious cough, 18 cases from upper airway cough syndrome, 14 cases from cough variant asthma, 8 cases from gastroesophageal reflux cough, 5 cases from eosinophilic bronchitis, 1 case from endbronchial tuberculosis, 1 case from psychogenic cough, and 2 cases without certain pathogeny. Besides, there were 7 patients suffered from two types of cough etiopathogenesis at the same time. Curative effects： （2.1 ± 0.1 ） weeks were the curative period for patients who suffered from postinfectious cough, （2.3 ± 0.8 ） weeks for cough variant asthma, （2.4 ± 1.1 ） weeks for eosinophilic bronchitis, （2.5 ± 0.9） weeks for upper airway cough syndrome, （6.1 ±0.7） weeks for gastroesophageal reflux cough, 19 days for psychogenic cough, and （ 5.7 ± 1.7 ） weeks for two types of cough etiopathogenesis at the same time. Conclusion The etiopathogenisis of subacute cough is mainly underlined by postinfectious cough, upper airway cough syndrome, cough variant asthma, gastroesophageal reflux cough, and eosinophilic bronchitis. Among them, postinfectious cough is the primary cause. The curative effects have proven optimistic when every etiopathogenisis of subacute cough is specific and welldefined.