水蕨颈卵器的形成与发育

Formation and Development of Archegonium in the Fern Ceratopteris thalictroides(L.)Brongn

主要运用电子透射显微镜技术对水蕨(Ceratopteris thalictroides(L.)Brongn)颈卵器形成与发育进行了研究。结果表明:水蕨颈卵器是由原叶体分生组织内颈卵器原始细胞形成的。该原始细胞经2次分裂形成3层细胞,上下两层发育成颈卵器颈部与底部的壁细胞,中层为初生细胞。初生细胞是颈卵器内雌配子发生的第一个细胞,该细胞经2次不等分裂形成1个卵细胞,1个腹沟细胞、1个双核的颈沟细胞。本研究首次阐明了水蕨颈卵器内细胞的发育顺序和特征。

The formation and development of archegonium in Ceratopteris thalictroides （ L. ） Brongn has been studied mainly using transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results revealed that archegonium in C. thalictroides was generated from an initial cell of gametophyte. The initial cell formed three layers by two divisions. Cells in the top and lower layers give rise to the jacket ceils of arehegonium. The middle cell is named primary cell, which is the first cell in oogenesis. This cell ultimately developed into a binucleate neck canal cell, a ventral canal cell and an egg cell by two unequal divisions. This research specified the sequences and characteristics of the archegonium interior cell in C. thalictroides.