山西省能源圈辐射的环境效应

Environmental effect of energy circle in Shanxi province

根据历年《山西统计年鉴》提供的能源输出数据,分析了1985—2007年间山西省煤炭的输出情况,并借助于GIS软件,分析了2006年山西省煤炭的流向及流量。山西省是一个大的能源辐射基地,每年产出煤炭的三分之二左右供应外省市,在外省市的经济水平、人民生活质量不断得到提升的同时,对于为周边地区的发展做出巨大贡献的能源输出地——山西来说,人均地区生产总值却低于全国平均水平,更低于其能源辐射到的其它省市区。山西省在不断向外省市输出能源的同时,也产生了巨大的环境辐射效应,但这种效应对于山西这个能源输出地来说却是负向的。主要表现在:山西省由于煤炭开采导致空气污染、地下水位下降、地面塌陷等地质灾害,而这些环境压力有三分之二是替煤炭输入地所承担的。输送电力,山西省不仅要承担煤炭开采造成的环境破坏,还要承担火力发电所造成的巨大环境二次污染,仅2007年,山西省生产外调电量就产生381.75×104tSO2,139.98×104tNO2,2799.51×104t灰粉。

Based on data of export to other provinces in Shanxi province, with spatial analysis by GIS, coal flux and flow direction were analyzed. Shanxi province is a big energy radiation source, when it was exporting energy to other provinces unceasingly, it had also bring huge radiation effects. But this kind of effect on energy output province was actually negative. Shanxi province exported two-thirds of coal to other provinces every year, which made great contributions to economic development of radiated areas. Meanwhile, per capital gross regional product of Shanxi province was lower than the national average, and lower more than what of the provinces that Shanxi energy could radiated. Environmental effects of Shanxi energy radiation was mainly showed that： coal mining brought many geological hazards, such as air pollution, groundwater lowering, land collapse, and so on, two-thirds of which undertook for coal input areas. Due to providing electricity to other provinces, Shanxi province took not only the environmental pollution by coal mining, but also the pollution brought by thermal power generation. There were 381.75 t SO2,139.98 t NO2,2799.51t ash produced due to generating the power that export to other provinces in 2007.