湿地碳循环研究综述

A review of carbon cycle in wetlands

湿地由于其巨大的碳库储存能力而成为碳循环研究的热点之一。从湿地CO2/CH4释放时空格局,CO2/CH4释放影响因子,碳"源""汇"评估及人类活动影响四个方面综述了国内外湿地碳循环方面的研究工作。认为当前对湿地碳排放过程各种潜在的影响因素比较清楚,但碳排放过程各种影响因子之间存在的交互作用有待于进一步深入研究。在进行不同湿地类型碳循环研究的同时,应加强包括微生物、植物根系等地下碳动态研究,加强碳、氮耦合研究。在评估人类活动对湿地碳循环的影响过程中,要综合考虑植被碳库、土壤碳库及土壤碳排的变化。另外,无论从认识不同湿地类型碳过程特征及机理的角度,还是从减少全球或区域碳收支估测不确定性的角度来看,加强数据缺乏地区的湿地类型的碳平衡及相关碳过程的研究都具有重要意义。

Great concerns were focused on wetland carbon cycle due to its large carbon stock. This study reviewed the internal and internatioal wetland carbon cycle researches, including the temporal and spatial patterns of wetland CO2/CH4 emissions, the impact factors on wetland CO2/CH4 release, wetland carbon source or sink assessment, as well as the impacts of anthropogenic activity on wetland carbon cycles, respectively. Results showed that various potential impact factors on wetland CO2/CH4 release were understood. However, further studys on the interaction of these factors were needed. Moreover, researches on underground carbon dynamics and the interaction of carbon and nitrogen should be strengthened.When evaluating the influences of anthropogenic activity on carbon cycle in wetland, vegetation carbon stock, soil carbon stock and soil carbon emission should be integratively considered. Additionally, more carbon cycle researches should be conducted in areas where no data is avaliable. which will help to not only understand the mechanism involved in carbon processes, and carbon sink or source function of various wetland types, but also reduce uncertainty in regional or global carbon budget assessment.