劳动力市场分割理论:理论背景及其演化

The Theory of Segmented Labor Market:Theoretical Background and Evolution

劳动力市场分割理论是在劳动力市场理论方面与新古典经济学理论对立的所有理论的总称。其理论源头可以追溯到古典经济学时期,在约翰.穆勒的著作中首次强调了制度可以在工资中起决定性的作用,而不是劳动力需求本身。自此之后,在新古典经济学理论发展的同时,制度学派以及新制度学派也对分割现象进行了理论阐述。由于制度本身以及社会经济分层的多维性,劳动力市场分割理论并没有形成统一的理论框架,而是由许多派别共同构成,比较典型的有二元劳动力市场理论、激进理论和职位竞争理论。

The Segmented Labor Market （SLM） approach is typically identified with a group of economists who stand against the neoclassical approach and can be traced back to the works of John S. MiIl. The institutions, not the demand itself, are emphasized as the principal role in the decision of wages. From then on, SLM approach, accompanied with neoclassical approach, keeps pace with times and Institutionalism School and Neo-lnstitutionalism School also concerned with the segmentation of labor markets. Due to the multiple dimensions of institutions and social stratification, SLM approach does not have a universal theoretical frame and contains many schools, such as dual labor markets theory, radical approach and job competition theory.