浅析柏林危机中艾德礼政府的政策导向作用

The Policy Guiding of the Attllee Government in Berlin Crisis

二战后,国际格局的基本特征是以美国为首的帝国主义阵营和以苏联为首的社会主义阵营的对峙,这种对峙的基本特征是:在国际事务的处理中,双方以不促发战争为基准。在国际关系中,我们通常将美苏对峙的此种格局称为"冷战"格局。然而,1948年,柏林危机的发生却是两大阵营欲突破"冷战"的一次尝试。柏林危机是由苏联在柏林实行封锁引发的,如何处理和对待苏联的行为?怎样保证西方国家在柏林的战略利益?对这些问题如何进行处理,英美两国的态度是不一致的。此间,在联合和坚定西方盟国的政策和行为中,艾德礼工党政府以及外交大臣贝文起了重要的政策引导作用,使美国在柏林危机中与英国合作一致。柏林危机中,艾德礼政府的政策导向对此后美国和英国在德国问题上的合作有着重要的意义。

After the Second World War, the basic character of the international system was the two camps＇ sitzkrieg. One was around the America, the other was around the Soviet Union. We call this ＂Cold War＂. Nevertheless, the Berlin Crisis was one attempt to break through the system of the ＂Cold War＂. How to deal with this problem？ The United States and the Britain had a different policy. On this question, the Attllee Government and Ernest Bevin played an important role. Finally, the U. S. A cooperated with the Britain and succeeded in this problem. This had an important function to the building of the Western Germany.