《孔雀东南飞》与汉末农业经济发展模式

Peacock Flying Southeast and the Development Model of Agricultural Economy at the End of the Han Dynasty

汉末建安时期,我国长江中下游地区得到进一步开发,部分先进的、富裕的农户由单纯经营农业向农、工、商规模经营转型,农业经济的模式已是《陌上桑》的模式,女人在家(农村)经营农业、蚕桑、织作等,男人在城市经销或作吏。社会底层的家庭(实际上是一个生产单位)关系,更注重实利,娶妻择媳在某种意义上已类于雇工,从而造成《孔雀东南飞》的家庭悲剧。

During the Jian’an period at the end of the Han Dynasty,the middle and lower regions of the Yangtze River developed rapidly. Some of the advanced and wealthy farmers were turning from purely ploughing fields to the appropriate scale of operation of agriculture,industry and trade. At that time,the model of agricultural economy was like that described in the poem Mulberries on a Path. Women engaged in farm work,raised silkworms and did weaving and knitting at home while men dealt in trade and served in government adminnistrations. The family relationship at the bottom stratum of society(practically a productive unit) laid more emphasis on gains and benefit,so choosing a wife or daughter-in-law,in a certain sense,was similar to hiring a labourer;therefore the family tragedy in Peacock Flying Southeast was inevitable.