春秋之孝亲观念与寡母干政

On the Relationship Between the Concept of Filial Duty and Widowed Mothers' Participation in Political Affairs in the Spring & Autumn Period

春秋时期,宗族政治格局解体,孝亲观念应时而起,成为稳定父家长制大家庭与国家秩序的新生力量。在孝亲观念的庇护下,许多寡母一改"牝鸡无晨"的祖训而涉政。春秋之寡母干政根据其强弱程度可分为对国君废立的干预、对国族大政的干预、对邦交的干涉三种类型。在干政过程中,许多寡母因过度使用孝亲观念,超越了其稳定父家长制大家庭与国家秩序的意义而受到相应惩处。

The concept of filial duty prevailed in the Spring ＆ Autumn Period when the patriarch system was severely destroyed, which stabilized the patriarch family and the states. Many widowed mothers participated in political affairs under the umbrella of the concept of filial duty. They interfered in changing kings, the crucial matters of states and diplomatic affairs. However some of them overused the concept of filial duty beyond the purview of it, resulting in punishment.