对虾养殖池沉积物细菌的遗传多样性

Genetic Diversity of Bacterial from Prawn Farm Sediment

为了解对虾养殖池沉积物中细菌的遗传多样性,采用细菌通用引物构建了细菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库,并从文库中随机挑选克隆子测序,得到37条有效序列,进行序列同源性分析和系统进化分析.结果表明：对虾养殖池底泥中细菌的遗传多样性非常丰富.主要分为六大类群：其中γ-变形菌纲细菌占据优势地位,约占所分析克隆子数的41% 其次是α-变形菌纲和δ-变形菌纲细菌,分别占19% 还有少量的酸杆菌纲、放线菌门和厚壁菌门细菌,分别占所分析克隆子数的3%-8%.所得克隆子序列大都与GenBank库中来自土壤环境中的未培养克隆子序列相似,并且大部分序列的相似性值小于95%,说明对虾养殖池中的细菌大都是未培养的未知细菌,特异地存在于土壤环境中.

To elucidate the genetic diversity of bacteria from prawn farm sediment, universal primers for the domain Bacteria were used to construct the 16S rRNA gene clone library, 37 clones randomly selected from the library were sequenced and sequences homology and phylogenetic were analyzed, The results showed that the sequences are clustered into 6 major groups, in which γ-Proterbacteria were the most predominant group, accounting for about 41% of the sampled clones, α and δ Proterbacteria were the second dominant groups, and both of them accounted for 19% ,The Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were also present as minor groups, and accounted for 3%--8% of the sampled clones. Most of the sequences obtained in the present study were closely related with that from uncultured clones from environmental soils in GenBank database, and the similarity values of most of sequences were lower than 95%, indicating that the bacteria in prawn farm sediment were mainly uncultured and unknown bacteria, and existed specifically in soil environments.