人工修复植被对锰矿区废弃地土壤酶活性的影响

Effect of Artifical Re-vegetation on Soil Enzyme Activity of the Slag Wasteland in Xiangtan Manganese Mine

以自然修复的矿区废弃地土壤为对照,从土壤酶活性的垂直分布、季节动态特征及其与土壤养分含量、重金属含量相关性研究了人工修复的栾树Koelreuteria paniclata、杜英Elaeocarpus decipens混交林（修复地）对湘潭锰矿区废弃地土壤酶活性的影响.结果表明：060 cm土层中,随着土层深度的增加,土壤酶活性逐渐下降;同一土层中,修复地土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性均高于对照地,且脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性的差异均达到了极显著差异（p〈0.01）,020 cm土层中蔗糖酶酶活性的差异达到显著水平（p〈0.05）;同一季节修复地土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性均显著或极显著高于对照地（p〈0.05）,秋、冬季修复地土壤蔗糖酶活性显著高于对照地（p〈0.05）,夏季差异不显著（p〉0.05）,而春季修复地显著低于对照地（p〈0.05）;土壤酶活性与土壤有机质、全N、Mg含量呈极显著（p〈0.01）或显著（p〈0.05）的正相关性,与土壤微生物数量之间均呈极显著或显著的正相关;土壤中重金属对土壤酶活性多表现为抑制作用,且以脲酶活性最敏感,其次是过氧化氢酶活性.人工修复植被能明显提高锰矿区废弃地土壤的酶活性.

By taking the soil of mining wasteland as contrast,taking accout of vertical distribution of the soil enzyme activity,seasonal dynamic characteri stics and soil nutrient content,heavy metal content,the effects of artifical restored Koelreuteria paniclate Laxm.forest,Eleaocarpus decisens mixed forest（restored） on soil enzyme activity of the slag wasteland in xiangtan Manganese Mine,Hunan Province were investigated.The results show that the soil enzyme activities was decreased gradually with increasing of soil depth,the activities of urease,sucrase,catalase were higher in artificial restored land than in contrast land in 0～60 cm soil layer,and also differences of activities of auease,catalase in artificial restored land and in contrast land were up to extremely significant in the same layer（p〈0.01）,and difference of sucrase activity also was significant in the 0～20 cm soil layer（p〈0.05）.The activities of urease and catalase were extremely significantly or significantly higher in artificial restored land than in contrast land in the same season（p〈0.05）,soil sucrase activity in artificial restored land was extremely significant higher than in contrast land in autumn and winter（p〈0.05）,and no significant difference in summer（p〉0.05）,however in artificial restored land were significant lower than in contrast land in spring.There were extremely significant（p〈0.01） or significant（p〈0.05） positive relationships between the enzyme activities and soil organic matter content,total N,Mg content,the microbial quantity;soil enzyme activities were restrained by soil heavy metal elements content,and sucrase activity was the most sensitive,catalase was the second.It is concluded that artificial re-vegetation could significantly improve soil enzyme activities in wasteland formed with the slag heaps.