汽车儿童乘员事故重建研究

A Study on Child Occupant Accident Reconstruction

首先,采用PC-Crash软件进行两车碰撞事故再现,求得目标车辆沿X、Y轴的加速度和绕Z轴的转动角度。然后,将PC-Crash求得的结果作为MADYMO模型的初始边界条件,模拟儿童乘员头、颈及胸部的动力学响应。结果表明:仿真中两碰撞车辆停止位置与实际事故中的情况较好地吻合;儿童乘员头、颈、胸部的动力学响应较好反映了儿童乘员实际的损伤情况。前排座椅头枕、座椅安全带及头、胸部运动的不同步分别是导致儿童乘员头、胸及颈部损伤的主要原因。

Firstly, PC-Crash software is employed to reconstruct the two cars crash accident, with the accelerations along X and Y axes and the yaw angle of the objective car obtained. Then the above results from PC- Crash are input into MADYMO model as initial boundary conditions to simulate the dynamics responses at the head, neck and thorax of the child occupant. Both results indicated that the rest positions of two cars in simulation quite agree with that in real accident case, the dynamics responses at the head, neck and thorax of the child occupant well reflect the injury status of the child occupant, and the impact on the headrest of front seat, the restraint force of seat belt and the asynchronous movement between head and thorax are the main causes of the injuries at the head, thorax and neck of the child occupant resoectively.