河北省沙尘天气时空分布特征及影响因素分析

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Sand-dust Weather and Its Influence Factors in Hebei Province

利用20个基础气象站1980—2006年的气象观测数据,对河北省沙尘天气的时空分布特征及其影响因素进行了分析研究。结果表明,河北省沙尘天气以扬沙为主;在空间分异上,沙尘天气自西向东发生频次递减,西北部和南部是沙尘天气的高发区,东部是沙尘天气的低发区,各类沙尘天气的高发中心不尽相同。在年际变化上,扬沙、浮尘和沙尘暴3类沙尘天气均呈逐年波动减少的趋势,春季发生次数最多;气候周期性变化是造成沙尘天气年际年内变化的主要原因,大风与沙尘源地的耦合决定了沙尘天气的空间分布特征。

Based on meteorological data from 21 weather stations in Hebei Province from 1980 to 2006, spatiotemporal characteristics of sand-dust weather and its influence factors are analyzed. Analyses indicate that dust-blowing is the dominating type of sand-dust weather. In spatial scale, the occurring frequency of sand- dust weather decreases from west to east, with the highest values in northwest and south and the lowest in east. Different sand-dust weathers have different high-frequency centers. Periodicity of climate change is the main reason causing annual and seasonal changes of sand-dust weather. The coupling character of gale and sand-dust source determines the spatiotemporal distribution of sand-dust weather. In time scale, three kinds of sand-dust weathers take on a trend of annually fluctuating decrease and seasonally occur most in spring.