基于虚拟水视角的东北粮食作物发展战略分析

Analysis on Development Strategy of Grain Crops in Northeast China Based on Virtual Water Theory

本文主要研究我国东北地区主要粮食作物的虚拟水含量以及东北三省的虚拟水流量,一方面旨在为东北地区粮食作物的布局和贸易战略调整提供依据,另一方面也为我国粮食安全和水安全的宏观调控提供政策依据。本文基于联合国粮农组织提供的CropWat软件以及ClimWat数据库来计算粮食作物虚拟水含量,采用联合国教科文组织水资源教育研究院提供的虚拟水相关公式来计算虚拟水流量,得出了东北三省五种主要粮食作物2000—2007年的虚拟水含量及该地区虚拟水的时序流量。最后得出结论:东北地区的粮食作物具有普遍的节水种植优势;东北地区的虚拟水输出量可观,进入量稀少。

This paper aims to study the virtual water content of major grain crops and the virtual water flow in Northeast China in order to adjust the agricultural allocation as well as the agricultural international trade strategy,and to provide the policy basis of macro-control for maintaining China＇s food and water security. Based on the FAO CropWat software and ClimWat database,it uses the virtual water calculation formulas provided by UNESCO-IHE to calculate the virtual water content of five major grains in three provinces of Northeast China and the related virtual water flow from 2000 to 2007. It draws the conclusion that the grains of Northeast China mostly have water-saving cultivating advantages,and the export of virtual water flow is considerably larger than the import of it in Northeast China.