SPS对我国典型农产品的作用机理探析

On Mechanism of SPS on Chinese Agricultural Products

卫生与植物卫生(SPS)措施已经成为影响我国农产品、食品贸易的最主要障碍。文章分析了SPS对水产品、蔬菜、禽肉和茶叶四种典型农产品的作用机理。研究表明,动植物疫病往往导致贸易禁止,是最为严重的SPS措施;生物性污染主要通过影响产品的上市数量,达到数量控制和价格控制的目的;化学品残留也是通过控制数量和成本作用于农产品;物理性污染通过影响产品的数量进而达到贸易限制的目的。我国应针对不同类别SPS措施的作用原理,做好预防和应对工作,以减少贸易的损失。

Sanitary and phytosanitary measures have become the main barrier to the trade of the Chinese agriculture product and food. This paper analyzed the mechanism of SPS on four agriculture products such as aquaculture, vegetable, poultry, and tea. It was found that animal diseases and plant pests are the most serious SPS measures and will lead to trade ban. Biological pollution by controlling the quantity restricts the trade quantity and price, the same with chemical pollution. Physical pollution aims to restrict the trade quantity. Therefore, China must try to prevent and deal with the pollution in relation to different types of SPS measures in order to reduce the trade loss.