乡村治理视角下的集体林权制度改革研究——溪乡林改实践的尝试性解读

Research on the Institution Reform of Collective Forest Right from the Perspective of Village Management:the Reform Practice of Village Xi as a Case

考察集体林权制度改革的成效不仅要注意到它对农村生产力的促进作用,还要观察它对乡村社会结构的改变力量。溪乡的林改实践虽然取得较大经济成效,但是它在乡村并未取得理想的政治社会效果。林改削弱村庄集体经济,村财收入缺乏可持续性,村庄稳定和发展将面临巨大挑战;林改引发村民之间关系的疏远和紧张,导致村庄内部社会关系出现恶化;"耕者有其山"目标的偏离以及林地对"靠山吃山"农民的意义等因素将使村庄共同体面临瓦解的可能性增加。乡村治理视角下的集体林改研究具有很强的现实意义和政策价值,值得进一步关注和挖掘。

The effect of the institution reform of collective forest right is not only the stimulation to the countryside productivity but also the changes to the village inner social structure. Although the reform in Village Xi has made great economic improvement, the political and social purposes have not been achieved perfectly. The reform weakened the collective economy of the village and the stability and development of the village are facing great challenges because of the less sustainable increase of fiscal revenue. The reform caused deteriorating social relations in the village, indifferent villagers and tense interpersonal relationships as an example. The possibility of the collapse of village community is increasing by the deviation from the tenet ＂mountain to the tiller＂ of the reform and the true meaning of forest land to those peasants who do depend on this resource to make a living. It is of great practical signifi cance and policy value for the research on the institution reform of collective forest right from the perspective of village management, which needs further study and attention in the future.