清末民初湖北地方政府发展农业的政策

On the Agriculture Policies Issued by Hubei Local Government in the Period between Last Years of Qing Dynasty and First Years of the Republic of China

清末民初,湖北农业发展面临的困难和问题很多。湖北地方政府为发展农业采取了一系列相应的政策及改进措施,如推广经济技术作物、改良农产;兴办农业学堂、发展农业教育与普及农业知识;创办农会、筹设农事机构、颁布兴农法令等,这些政策措施在各地实施的过程中产生了一定的成效,它不仅有效地促进了农业生产的发展、农村经济结构的转变和部分农民生活水平的提高,而且对推动农村新市镇的兴起和市场扩大、激活农村传统社会关系、推进农村社会的进步也起到了积极的作用,对后来农业的发展也产生了良好影响。

The agricultural development in Hubei faced a lot of difficulties in the period between last years of Qing dynasty and first years of the Republic of China. In order to develop local agriculture, Hubei local government issued a series of policies and measures to deal with those problems. The policies and measures were popularizing the economic crops, improving agricultural products, setting up agriculture schools, expanding agricultural education, establishing peasant associations and farming organizations and promulgating agriculture-supportive decrees. These policies and measures had not only promoted agricultural development, changes of rural economic structure and the improvement of peasants＇ living standard, but also stimulated the emergence of new rural towns and the enlargement of rural market. In addition, traditional social relations in the countryside had been wakened and rural social improvement had been positively pushed forward. All in all, these poticies and measures had made great influence to the upcoming development of agriculture in Hubei.