医科大学新生生殖健康问题的知识、态度、行为研究──性别因素应为制订生殖健康教育规划所考虑

KAP study on reproductive health among medical freshmen: the role of gender in reproductive health education programmes

目的探讨性别因素对大中学生性病／艾滋病／安全性行为生殖健康教育的影响。方法于1997年6月，对上海某医科大学266名年龄在16～23岁的新生（其中男性130名，女性136名）进行问卷调查。结果男生对绝大多数有关性生理、避孕、艾滋病和性病问题的正确回答率明显较高。男生对婚前性行为持更宽容的态度，而对同性恋现象较多地持“应惩罚”的强硬态度。男生手淫、饮酒吸烟率高于女生。女生对性传播疾病的预防及性生理发育知识的需求大于男生，且较多地认为由专家教授和家长来传播生殖健康知识更合适，而男生更倾向于从同伴处获取信息。男女性行为发生率未见统计学差别，99％的男女学生认为有必要开展安全性行为教育。结论在制订生殖健康教育规划时应考虑性别因素。

In order to understand the impact of gender on the conduct of reproductive health education about STD/AIDS/Safer Sex among college and middle school students, a questionnaire survey was conducted in June 1997 among 266 medical freshmen (aged 16～23, 130 males and 136 females) in Shanghai. The results showed that the percentages of correct answers to the majority of questions concerning sexual physiology, contraception and STD/AIDS was significantly higher among males. Male students were more tolerant of pre-marital sexual activities and less tolerant of homosexuality than female students.Males also had higher rates of masturbation, smoking and alcohol using. Females had a greater desire for education about STDprevention and sexual physiology, and considered that the most suitable way to obtain knowledge of repreductive health was for experts and from their parents, whereas males inclined to get the information from their peers. No statistically significant difference was found between males and females with regard to the incidence of pre-marital sexual intercourse. 99% of students considered it necessary for them to receive safe sex education. The survey indicates that gender differences should be taken into account when designing reproductive health education.