陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区杏林地土壤水分植被承载力

Soil Water Carrying Capacity of an Apricot Forest on Loess Region in Northern Shaanxi

根据台地和26°坡地杏林地连续3年的降雨、冠层截留、地表径流、土壤水分和生物量的定位观测结果,研究分析陕北黄土区自然降水与土壤水分补给、土壤水分补给与生物量、土壤水分消耗与生物量的关系。提出台地土壤水分可承载的杏树生物量为3728kg·hm-2,坡地为2423kg·hm-2,台地杏林地适宜的果实产量为4714kg·hm-2,坡地杏林地适宜的产量为3064kg·hm-2。建议综合应用水保工程、修剪、保墒、花果控制、生长激素等措施,平衡利用雨水资源,实现杏产业的可持续发展。

Based on local monitoring data of rain,interception,runoff,soil water dynamics and biomass in an apricot forest on tableland and sloping land in loess region of Northern Shaanxi from 2005 to 2007,relationshis between natural precipitation and soil water supply,soil water supply and biomass,soil water consumption and biomass were analysed and established in this paper.In this region the apricot biomass carrying was 3 728 kg·hm-2 on tableland,and 2 423 kg·hm-2 on sloping land.Appropriate fruit yield of apricot were 4 714 kg·hm-2 on tableland,and 3 064 kg·hm-2 on sloping land.We propose to take comprehensive measures in production of apricot such as soil and water conservation,pruning,preserving soil moisture,flower and fruit control,and growth hormone application,balance of soil water resources between income and expenditure,and achieve sustainable development of apricot production.