山核桃外果皮中的抑菌活性成分

Antifungal Constituents from the Husk of Carya cathayensis

用不同溶剂对山核桃外果皮甲醇浸膏进行萃取分离,得石油醚相、氯仿相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相,以番茄早疫病菌、苹果腐烂病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、水稻纹枯病菌、黄瓜菌核病菌等5种病菌进行抑菌活性试验。结果表明:正丁醇相抑菌活性最强,氯仿相和石油醚相次之,乙酸乙酯相最弱。对氯仿相进行初步分离,得到7个单体化合物:乔松酮,黄卡瓦胡椒素,5-羟基-4′,7-二甲氧基黄酮,5-羟基-2-甲氧基-1,4-萘醌,5-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄烷酮,乔松素,β-谷甾醇,均为首次从山核桃中分离得到,它们对玉米大斑病菌和水稻稻瘟病菌孢子萌发均有不同程度的抑制作用。

Methanol extract of husk of Carya cathayensis was further partitioned with petroleum ether,chloroform,ethyl acetate and n-butanol successively and obtained four crude extracts.Antifungal activity of the four crude extracts was tested against Alternaria solani,Valsa mali,Gibberella zeae,Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum.It showed that the n-butanol extract had the highest activity,ed by the chloroform extract and the petroleum ether extract,and the ethyl acetate extract had the lowest activity.Seven compounds were isolated from the chloroform extract.Their structures were identified as pinostrobin,plavokawain B,5-hydroxy-4＇,7-dimethoxyflavanone,5-hydroxy-2-methoxy^-1,4-naphthoquinone,onysilin,pinocembrin and β-sitosterol,respectively.The Compounds were for the first time isolated from Carya cathayensis and showed to different degree inhibitory activities against the spore germination of Exserohilum turcicum and Pyricularia grisea.